:                 # command mode

:e filename       # open new file in vim
:h dig            # digraphs

# line numbers
:set nu           # add line numbers
:set number
:set relativenumber

:set nonu         # remove line numbers
:set nonumber
:set norelativenumber

:set nu!          # toggles line numbers

# change color for line numbers
:highlight LineNr term=bold cterm=NONE ctermfg=DarkGrey ctermbg=NONE gui=NONE guifg=DarkGrey guibg=NONE

# change gutter column width
:set numberwidth=3

# save multiples files at once
:wa               # save files and keep working
:xa               # save files and close vim
:update           # only saves if buffer has changed - :w writes even if nothing changed

:!{cmd}         # execute shell command, display output
:r !{cmd}       # place output below cursor
:w ! {cmd}      # send current buffer as stdin to command
:.!{cmd}        # replace current line with command output
:%!{cmd}        # replace entire buffer with command output
:'<,'>!{cmd}    # replace selection with command output

^           # beginning of line
$           # end of line

cs)}        # change paren with brace without adding whitespace
cs({        # change paren with brace with whitespace

y           # yank (copy)
v           # visually select (highlight)
p           # paste
u           # undo
^R          # redo
r           # replace
n           # next in ascending order finder | shift ascending order
~           # invert casing | follow with number to flip amount of chars
.           # repeat last command
;           # repeat last key combo
G           # move to end of buffer
ge          # backwards by end of each word
gf          # open file under cursor
gg          # move to start of buffer
gi          # restarts insert mode in last insert point used
gv          # load last visual block
gx          # open url under cursor
%           # matching {}[]()
]]          #
[[          #
][          #
[]          #
}           # move forward by paragragh
)           # move forward by sentence
gu          # lowercase 
gU          # uppercase
g;          # go to last change (thing edited)
f           # forward to whatever you specifiy f/ moves forward the next /
t           # move till /  so just before the slash (til)
            # F and T go backwards for the above
  
eg  closedcode/  #c2tc

\>          # indent
<           # unindent

ctrl
    6       # toggle between 2 most recent files
    k       # followed by 2 letters or 3-digit# to create a digraph
    n       # cycle ctrl-p results
    p       # get an autucomplete while typing a word
    r       # redo (multiple times) after a u

:help x     # normal mode command
:help c_    # get help for a command mode key
:help i_    # get help for an insert mode key
:help :     # command line command (:quit etc)
:help -     # vim command argument (-r)
:help v_    # visual mode command

0           # beginning of line
h           # left
j           # down
k           # up
l           # right
b           # move word backward
w           # move word forward
e           # end of a word
gg          # first line
G           # last line
gg=G        # format indentation of whole file
226G        # move to line 226

i           # insert where the cursor is currently located
I           # insert at beginning of line
a           # insert at end of a word
A           # insert at end of a line
o           # insert a new line below
O           # insert a new line above
s           # substitute character under cursor and insert in it's place
S           # delete line and insert in it's place 

x           # delete character at cursor
X           # delete character before cursor
d           # delete that can be used with {motion}
D           # delete from cursor to eol
dd          # delete current line
c           # delete and enter insert mode
cw          # delete to end of current word and insert
cc          # same as S
C           # delete from cursor to eol and insert
:bd         # buffer delete??

*           # turn the word you are on into a search term
#           # search backwards
            # n | N next on search terms forward and back
/           # search going forward
?           # search going backward (swaps n movements around)

find: <name>    # will fuzzy find if       is in vimrc

:b <name>       # if a file has been opened before it can be loaded easily from the buffer   

# Use ^n and ^p to go back in forth in suggestion list
^w              # cancel completion and stay in insert mode
^x^n            # for just this file (auto-completion)
^x^f            # file finder
^x^]            # tags only

:marks
:noh              # turn off highlighting
v                 # mark freely
V                 # mark blockwise (rectangle)
^v                # column selection
ggVG then "+y     # mark whole document, then yank into system buffer, to paste outside of vim
ma                #

# CREATION
zf{motion}      # create a fold
{Visual}zf      # use V to select section to turn into a fold
zF{count}       # create fold for count lines

# DELETION only work when when set foldmethod=manual
zd              # deletes one fold at the cursor
zD              # deletes recursively at the cursor
zE              # remove all folds in the window

# OPEN
zo              # open one fold under the cursor, can use count with it
zO              # open all folds recursively under the cursor
za              # when on closed fold, open it, can repeat za to open the nested one too
zA              # when on closed fold, open all folds recursively
zv              # view cursor line, open enough folds to make the line of cursor not folded
zR              # open all folds
zn              # fold none, reset foldenable, all folds will be open

# CLOSE
zc              # close one fold under the cursor, can use count with it
zC              # close all folds recursively under the cursor
zm              # fold more, subtract one from fold level, foldenable will be set
zM              # close all folds, foldenable will be set

# RESETS
zi              # toggle foldenable setting
zN              # fold normal, set foldenable, all fold will be as they were before

# MOVEMENT
[z              # move to start of current open fold
]z              # move to end of current open fold
zj              # move downwards to start of new fold
zk              # move upwards to the end of previous fold

:registers      # lists registers and their content

^r {register}   # insert contents of numbered or named register

example
visual select and then "ky then "kp


a-z             # yanked text replaces content of register
A-Z             # yanked text appends to content of register
"               # the unnamed or default register
+               # the system defualt register
*               # select/drop registers
_               # /dev/null (used to avoid wiping out register)

ctrl+w then:
o                   # unsplit windows = only window
s                   # horizontal split
v                   # vertical split

c                   # close a split

x                   # swaps two windows with each other

j                   # move cursor to window below
k                   # move cursor to window above
h                   # move cursor to window to the left
l                   # move cursor to window to the right
b                   # move cursor to bottom window
p                   # move cursor to previous window (jump back and forth between two windows)

J                   # move window below
K                   # move window above
H                   # move window to the left
L                   # move window to the right

:sp :split <file>   # open file in new split window
:vsp                # vertical split

:ls                 # lists buffers

:Explore            # opens netrw in current window; can use :Ex
:Sexplore           # opens netrw in a horizontal split; can use :Sex
:Vexplore           # opens netrw in a vertical split: can use :Vex
:Hex!               # horizontal split opposite side
:Vex!               # vertical split opposite side
:Tex                # new tab, dir of current open buffer
:Lex                # vertical split full height current working dir
:Lex!               # vertical split current working dir opposite side

i                   # cycle through view types
I                   # toggle banner
qf                  # display information on a file

enter               # opens file or directory
o                   # opens in new horizontal split
v                   # opens in new vertical split
t                   # opens in new tab
p                   # preview the file without moving cursor from netrw
x                   # open file or dir with system default application

-                   # go up one directory
u                   # go back to previously visited directory
U                   # go forward to subsequently visited directory

c                   # make browsing directory the current working directory
gn                  # make the directory under the cursor the top of the tree
gh                  # toggle hidden files
a                   # cycle between all files
s                   # cycle sort order (name, time, filesize)
r                   # reverse sort order

%                   # create new file
d                   # create new directory
D                   # delete file/directory under cursor
R                   # rename/move file/directory

mb                  # bookmark current directory
gb                  # go to previous bookmarked directory

mf                  # toggle whether a file/directory is marked
mt                  # mark directory under cursor as copy target
mc                  # execute copy operation
mu                  # unmark all marked items
mF                  # unmark files

^F                  # full page down
^B                  # full page back up
^U                  # half page up
^D                  # half page down

H                   # head of screen
M                   # middle of screen
L                   # last of screen

:m+                 # move a line down
:m-2                # move a line up one
ddkP                # swap line with the line above (another alternative)

:help holy-grail
:q!                 # quit without saving | ZQ
:wq                 # save and quit a file | ZZ
:wqa                # save and quit all open files in vim
:w !sudo tee %		  # used to make a file write when you forgot to open it with sudo
:w !sudo dd of=% > /dev/null	# does same thing as tee
:w !cmd 			      # pipes contents of current buffer to another command

w                   # word
b                   # back by a word
2j                  # down 2 lines
f,F                 # find next occurence
t,T                 # find upto but not including next occurence
?                   # reverse search

aw                  # a word (works from anywhere in a word, includes surrounding whitespace)
iw                  # inner word (works from anywhere in a word, does not include surrounding whitespace)
it                  # inner tag (the contents of an HTML tag)
i"                  # inner quotes
ip                  # inner paragraph
as                  # a sentence

%s                  # substitute
    :%s/searchwordtoreplace/newword/g  # g applies to all instances that word is found c for confirmations
>                   # put in a tab space  >j would do line underneath also
ciw                 # replace a word